Cell The Unit Of Life
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Chapter: Cell – The Unit of Life (NCERT Active Recall)
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Q1. What is the fundamental unit of life?
The cell is the fundamental, structural, and functional unit of life.
Q2. Who discovered the cell and when?
Robert Hooke in 1665, while observing a cork under a microscope.
Q3. What are the main postulates of cell theory?
1. All living organisms are composed of cells.
2. Cell is the basic unit of life.
3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells (added by Virchow).
2. Cell is the basic unit of life.
3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells (added by Virchow).
Q4. Name any two prokaryotic organisms.
Bacteria and Mycoplasma.
Q5. Mention any one difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell.
Prokaryotes lack a true nucleus, whereas eukaryotes have a membrane-bound nucleus.
Q6. What is the function of mitochondria?
Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell, producing energy in the form of ATP.
Q7. What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?
It helps in packaging, modification, and transport of proteins and lipids.
Q8. What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
A network of membranous tubules. Rough ER is involved in protein synthesis; Smooth ER in lipid synthesis.
Q9. What are lysosomes and what do they do?
Lysosomes are digestive bags of the cell. They break down waste, dead organelles, and invading particles.
Q10. What are the parts of the nucleus?
Nuclear membrane, nucleoplasm, nucleolus, and chromatin.
Q11. Name any one organelle found only in plant cells.
Chloroplasts (used in photosynthesis).
Q12. What is the function of a cell wall?
It provides shape, strength, and protection to plant cells.
Q13. What is the function of the cell membrane?
It regulates the entry and exit of substances, and maintains homeostasis.
Q14. What is the fluid mosaic model?
It describes the structure of the cell membrane as a mosaic of proteins in a fluid lipid bilayer.
Q15. What are ribosomes and their function?
Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis. They can be free or bound to the ER.
Q16. Define centrosome and its role.
Centrosome contains centrioles which help in cell division in animal cells.
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